If you swallow CBD oil, it travels through your digestive system and is processed by your liver through a process known as first-pass metabolism, before it enters your bloodstream. 

First-pass metabolism is the process where a substance is broken down in the liver after being absorbed through the digestive system, before it reaches the bloodstream. When you swallow CBD oil, it enters the stomach, gets absorbed in the intestines, and then travels to the liver via the portal vein. In the liver, enzymes partially break down the CBD, reducing the amount that ultimately reaches systemic circulation. This is why CBD and many oral medications have lower bioavailability (the actual amount that reaches the bloodstream) when ingested compared to methods like sublingual or inhalation.

The effects of ingesting CBD oil may take anywhere from 30 minutes to 2 hours to begin, depending on your metabolism, whether you’ve eaten, and the dosage. Once absorbed, the effects can last 4 to 8 hours. Here’s a breakdown of what happens when you swallow CBD oil:

1. Digestive Process: Once swallowed, CBD oil travels down your esophagus and enters your stomach, where it begins to undergo digestion.
2. Absorption: CBD oil is absorbed primarily through the lining of the small intestine into the bloodstream. The absorption process can take anywhere from 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on various factors such as the formulation of the CBD oil, your metabolism, and whether you've eaten recently.
3. First-Pass Metabolism: After absorption, CBD undergoes what is known as first-pass metabolism in the liver. Enzymes in the liver break down CBD into metabolites, including 7-hydroxy-CBD and 7-carboxy-CBD, which are then circulated throughout the body.
4. Distribution: The metabolites of CBD are distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream, where they can interact with cannabinoid receptors located throughout the body's endocannabinoid system (ECS).
5. Effects: Swallowing CBD oil results in systemic effects rather than localized effects. Depending on factors such as dosage, individual metabolism, and the specific formulation of the CBD oil, you may experience various effects such as relaxation, pain relief, reduced anxiety, or improved sleep.
6. Duration: The effects of swallowed CBD oil typically last longer compared to sublingual administration, as the CBD is released gradually into the bloodstream over time.

How does CBD oil work?

Quality CBD oil works by interacting with the body's endocannabinoid system (ECS), a complex network of receptors, neurotransmitters, and enzymes that regulate key physiological processes such as mood, pain, sleep, and immune response. Beyond the ECS, research shows that CBD interacts with more than 65 molecular targets in the body, including serotonin receptors, ion channels, and enzymes, which may explain its broad range of potential effects.

We emphasize quality CBD products because not all CBD oils are created equal. The lack of regulation in the CBD industry means that many products on the market may be mislabeled or contaminated, making it harder for consumers to experience the true therapeutic benefits of CBD.

Here's how CBD oil exerts its effects:

1. Interaction with Cannabinoid Receptors: 

CBD plays a significant role in modulating the endocannabinoid system (ECS) by interacting with CB1 and CB2 receptors, which are key components of the ECS. However, unlike THC, CBD does not directly bind with high affinity to these receptors. Instead, it works indirectly by influencing receptor activity.

CBD is thought to alter the shape of CB1 and CB2 receptors, which can modify how other compounds bind to them. Additionally, CBD inhibits the breakdown of anandamide, one of the body’s naturally occurring endocannabinoids, thereby enhancing its availability and effect. This indirect interaction contributes to CBD’s ability to support balance and homeostasis throughout the body, without producing the intoxicating effects associated with THC.

2. Interaction with Non-cannabinoid Receptors: 

In addition to its interaction with cannabinoid receptors, CBD interacts with a variety of non-cannabinoid receptors, enzymes and ion channels, contributing to its wide range of therapeutic effects. Some key interactions include:

• Serotonin Receptors (5-HT1A): CBD binds to serotonin receptors, particularly 5-HT1A, which play a crucial role in regulating mood, anxiety, and stress responses. This interaction is believed to contribute to CBD’s potential mood-enhancing and anti-anxiety effects.
• Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels: These ion channels are involved in regulating pain and temperature sensitivity. By interacting with TRP channels, CBD may help modulate pain sensation and inflammation, offering relief for conditions like chronic pain and muscle soreness.
• Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs): CBD also activates PPARs, which are involved in regulating lipid metabolism and inflammation. This interaction may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of CBD, as well as its potential for promoting metabolic balance and cellular health.

Differences Between Swallowing CBD Oil and Taking It Sublingually

Swallowing CBD Oil

Swallowing CBD oil means it passes through your digestive system before entering your bloodstream. Once in the stomach, CBD is broken down by enzymes and absorbed through the intestines. However, this process takes time, as the CBD must first be metabolized by your liver. This process, known as first-pass metabolism, causes the effects of CBD to take longer to appear, typically between 30 minutes to 2 hours after consumption. The benefit of swallowing CBD oil is that it provides longer-lasting effects, generally lasting anywhere from 4 to 8 hours, as it is slowly released into your system. However, the bioavailability is lower because some of the CBD is broken down in the liver before it reaches your bloodstream.

Sublingual CBD Oil

When you take CBD oil sublingually, you place it under your tongue, allowing it to be absorbed directly into your bloodstream through the mucous membranes. This method bypasses the digestive system and liver, which results in faster absorption. Sublingual intake typically delivers effects within 15 to 30 minutes. One major advantage of sublingual consumption is the higher bioavailability, meaning more CBD reaches your bloodstream and has a more immediate effect. However, the effects typically last 2 to 4 hours, which is shorter than swallowing CBD oil. Additionally, some people find the taste of sublingual CBD oil to be more intense, although it provides a faster and more direct effect.

Sublingual vs. oral CBD; Which Method is Right for You?

If you're looking for quick relief, such as for anxiety or pain that comes on suddenly, sublingual intake might be the best option, as it works faster and delivers a stronger effect. On the other hand, if you prefer longer-lasting relief for general wellness or sleep support, swallowing CBD oil is a good choice since the effects last longer.

Ultimately, the method you choose depends on your personal needs and how you want the CBD to work for you. Whether you prefer faster relief or a gradual, extended effect, understanding these differences will help you select the best method for your goals.

Is Swallowing CBD Oil Safe? What Studies Say

Clinical trials and studies on oral CBD ingestion have generally shown that CBD is well-tolerated by most people when consumed in appropriate amounts. A review published in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research in 2017 highlighted that CBD’s safety profile is favorable, with the most common side effects being mild, such as drowsiness, dry mouth, or digestive discomfort. Studies have also shown that CBD does not produce a "high," which makes it a safer option than THC.

One clinical trial, published by Wound Management & Prevention, explored the effects of oral CBD on chronic pain and inflammation. The study concluded that CBD oil administered orally was effective in reducing pain and improving quality of life for participants with arthritis. Furthermore, The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized that CBD does not appear to pose any risk of abuse or harm, stating that "CBD is generally well tolerated with a good safety profile."

The FDA has provided some guidelines for CBD, emphasizing that swallowing CBD oil is safe for most individuals, especially when consumed within the recommended dosage. However, the FDA has also noted that more research is needed to understand the long-term effects of CBD use, particularly regarding chronic use and high dosages. While CBD products are not officially regulated, consumers should look for CBD oils that have undergone third-party lab testing to ensure quality and potency.

Potential Benefits of Swallowing CBD Oil?

1. Pain Relief and Inflammation Reduction

One of the most common reasons people turn to swallowing CBD oil is for its potential to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Research indicates that CBD may help manage chronic pain conditions such as arthritis and neuropathic pain. Clinical studies published in The Journal of Cannabis Research have shown that CBD oil can reduce pain and inflammation in individuals with conditions like osteoarthritis. Because CBD works by interacting with receptors in the endocannabinoid system (ECS), it helps regulate pain signals, offering a natural alternative to traditional pain medications.

2. Improved Sleep Quality

Swallowing CBD oil is often used by individuals seeking to improve their sleep. According to clinical research, CBD may help regulate sleep patterns by interacting with serotonin receptors, which play a crucial role in mood and sleep. A review of studies in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research indicated that CBD could be effective for people suffering from insomnia or poor sleep quality, potentially offering a safer alternative to over-the-counter sleep aids. As swallowed CBD oil is slowly released into the bloodstream, its long-lasting effects help provide deeper, more restful sleep throughout the night.

3. Anxiety and Stress Reduction

Swallowing CBD oil may help alleviate symptoms of anxiety and stress, making it a popular option for individuals looking to manage mental health naturally. CBD interacts with serotonin receptors in the brain, potentially helping to regulate mood and reduce feelings of anxiety. A study published in The Permanente Journal found that CBD oil significantly reduced anxiety in individuals with social anxiety disorder, making it a promising tool for those seeking a natural way to manage stress without the side effects of prescription medications.

4. Supporting Heart Health

Research suggests that CBD oil may have cardiovascular benefits when swallowed, particularly in reducing high blood pressure. A study in JCI Insight found that a single dose of CBD oil helped reduce resting blood pressure and lowered the blood pressure response to stress. By helping to reduce high blood pressure, swallowing CBD oil could play a role in improving overall heart health and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. This is particularly relevant for individuals looking for a natural way to manage their heart health without relying on pharmaceutical interventions.

5. Neuroprotective Properties

CBD oil has shown promise as a neuroprotective agent, which means it may help protect the brain from conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases. Several studies, including one published in The British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, have found that CBD has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that could be beneficial in treating conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Swallowing CBD oil may offer long-term protection to the brain, promoting cognitive function and helping to manage symptoms of these chronic conditions.

6. Digestive Health Support

Swallowing CBD oil can also benefit digestive health. CBD has been shown to have a calming effect on the gastrointestinal system, potentially alleviating symptoms of conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease. A review in Current Developments in Nutrition found that CBD might reduce the frequency and severity of IBS symptoms, such as cramping, bloating, and diarrhea. By interacting with the ECS in the gut, swallowing CBD oil may promote digestive health and reduce inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract.

7. Potential for Reducing Symptoms of PTSD and Trauma

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can have a profound impact on mental health, but swallowing CBD oil may help alleviate symptoms. CBD interacts with the brain’s serotonin receptors and helps regulate mood, potentially reducing the frequency and intensity of PTSD-related symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, and anxiety. A study published in Neurotherapeuthics found that CBD significantly reduced anxiety in individuals suffering from PTSD, showing promising potential for this vulnerable group.

8. Anti-Cancer Potential

Although more research is needed, early studies suggest that CBD oil might have anti-cancer properties. Some preclinical studies have shown that CBD may help reduce the growth of cancer cells and inhibit the spread of certain types of cancer. A study in BMC Cancer showed that CBD helped slow the progression of breast cancer cells. While these results are still in the early stages, swallowing CBD oil might offer supportive benefits for cancer patients in the future, particularly in helping manage symptoms related to cancer treatments such as pain and nausea.

Possible Side Effects of Swallowing CBD Oil

While swallowing CBD oil is generally considered safe for most individuals, like any supplement, it may cause some side effects, especially when taken in high doses or when the body is still adjusting to CBD. It's important to remember that these side effects are typically mild, rare, and often dose-dependent. Below, we’ll explore the possible side effects of swallowing CBD oil and what you can expect.

1. Dry Mouth (Cottonmouth)
2. Fatigue and Drowsiness
3. Gastrointestinal Discomfort
4. Changes in Appetite
5. Low Blood Pressure
6. Interaction with Other Medications

How to Properly Swallow CBD Oil for Maximum Effect

To get the most out of swallowing CBD oil, follow these quick tips:

1. Measure your dose using the dropper provided with the bottle.
2. Swallow directly or mix with food or drink for easier intake.
3. Take with food, especially healthy fats like avocado or nuts, to improve absorption.
4. Be consistent with timing and dosage for steady effects.
5. Start low and go slow to find your optimal dose.
6. Track your response to adjust as needed.

For the highest quality results, try Nesas Hemp’s full-spectrum CBDa oil. Our CBDa is pure, powerful, and naturally effective.

Frequently asked questions

Sources

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